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Reducing ships' emissions |
Материал из категории Экология и логистика |
18.09.2011 12:24 |
Метки (тэги, tags): New clean fuel regulations in The study examined a container ship operating under a 2009 Findings of this study could have national and global significance, as new international regulations by the International Maritime Organisation require vessels to switch to lower-sulphur fuel near US and international coasts beginning in 2012. The research team found reductions in emissions even where none were expected, meaning even greater reductions in air pollution, and associated respiratory health effects in humans, than regulators originally estimated. In May A few days later, scientists aboard the NOAA-sponsored Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute’s research vessel Atlantis sampled emissions of the same ship as it cruised slowly within the low-sulphur regulated zone. Particulate matter pollution, regulated because it can damage people’s lungs and hearts, dropped 90 per cent from Unexpectedly, black carbon levels also dropped, cut by 41 per cent, the team reported. Black carbon comprises dark-coloured particles that can warm the atmosphere and also degrade air quality. In 2009, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and its Canadian equivalent, Environment Canada, estimated that shifting to low-sulphur fuels near coasts could save as many as 8,300 lives per year in those two countries, and ease the acute respiratory symptoms faced by another 3 million. But that 2009 assessment did not include the observed drops in several pollutant categories that Lack and his colleagues found, so the authors suggest the impacts could be greater. Finally, the new paper discusses the net radiative (warming vs. cooling) effect of the ship’s fuel switch. Changes in the emissions of various air pollutants – some which have a warming effect, others which have cooling effects – likely mean net warming. The project was funded by NOAA and the California Air Resources Board and conducted in close collaboration with the Maersk Line.
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